In
the days after the surprise attack on southern Israel on October 7, a
total of some 120 Hamas militants, members of the movement's Nukhba
military wing and Palestinian civilians from the Gaza Strip were taken
into custody in Israel. They were sent to a detention facility specially
created on a military police base at the Sde Teiman camp, between the
town of Ofakim and Be'er Sheva in the Negev. In the months that
followed, more than 4,500 additional inhabitants of the Strip, among
them terrorists from various organizations, and civilians, were
incarcerated there.
Not long after the facility began to operate, testimonies were published in both Israeli and foreign media to the effect that detainees there were being starved, beaten and tortured.
It was also alleged that the conditions of detention did not conform to
international law. Further allegations were made concerning the
treatment at the field hospital set up nearby. Staff testified that
detainee-patients were fed through a straw, forced to relieve themselves
in a diaper and handcuffed so tightly, for 24 hours a day, that there
were a number of cases of amputation of limbs. Two
months ago, it was learned that the Israel Defense Forces was
conducting a criminal investigation against soldiers allegedly involved
in the death of 36 detainees in the camp. Last month, 10 reservists were
arrested there on suspicion of brutal sexual abuse of an inmate.
Regular or reservist soldiers assigned to Sde Teiman are subordinate to
the military police, which has ultimate authority over the goings-on
there.
In
the wake of the many testimonies that surfaced, five human rights
organizations petitioned the High Court of Justice, calling for the site
to be shut down. In early June, the state announced in response that it
intended to transfer most of the detainees to facilities run by the
Israel Prison Service and to restore the camp to its original mission
"as a facility for temporary, short-term [incarceration] for purposes of
interrogation and classification only." In another response to the High
Court of Justice earlier this month, the state declared that there were
now only 28 detainees in the facility.
Since
the war broke out, thousands of Israeli soldiers in regular and
reservist forces have served at Sde Teiman. Most were posted there
within the framework of a mission with which their unit was tasked.
Others volunteered to serve there for a variety of reasons. In recent
months, a number of soldiers and medical professionals agreed to talk
with Haaretz about their time there. Eight of the testimonies follow,
anonymously and in chronological order, from the earliest stint to the
most recent.
N., a student from the north, reservist
"I was mobilized with the whole battalion on October 7.
We were sent to secure communities in the western Negev, and after two
weeks we moved to Be'er Sheva. I was involved in activity not related to
the battalion when I saw on the company's WhatsApp group announcements
that we had another mission – something new: guard duty at Sde Teiman.
It wasn't so clear at first.
"When
I got back to my company people were already whispering about the
place. Someone asked if I'd heard about what was happening there.
Someone else said, 'You know you have to hit people there,' as though he
was taunting me and wanted to test my reaction, whether I was a leftist
or something like that. There was also a soldier in the company who
boasted that he'd beaten people at the facility. He told us that he had
gone with a shift officer from the military police and they had beaten
one of the detainees with clubs. I was curious about the place, and the
stories sounded a little exaggerated to me, so I pretty much volunteered
to go there.
"In
Sde Teiman we guarded the detainees' lockup. We did 12-hour shifts
during the day or night. The battalion's doctors and medics did 24-hour
shifts at the field hospital. At the end of each shift we returned to
Be'er Sheva to sleep.
"The
detainees were in a large hangar with a roof and walls on three sides.
Instead of a fourth wall, facing us, there was a fence with a double
gate and two locks, like in dog parks. A barbed-wire fence surrounded
everything. Our positions were close to the two corners of the fence, at
a kind of diagonal, behind concrete blocks in a U shape. A soldier
stands at each post, watching the detainees and guarding the military
police personnel in charge of operating the place. We did shifts of two
hours on, two hours off. If you weren't guarding you could go to the
rest area, a kind of tent that had drinks and snacks.
"The
inmates sat in eight rows on the ground, with about eight people in
each. One hangar held 70 people and the second around 100. The military
police told us that they had to sit. They were not allowed to peek out
from their blindfolds. They were not allowed to move. They were not
allowed to talk. And that if… what they [the military police] said was
that if they broke the rules, it was permitted to punish them."
How were they punished?
"For
minor things, you could force them to stand in place [for about 30
minutes]. If the person continued to make trouble, or for more serious
violations, the military police officer could also take him aside… and
beat him with a club."
Do you remember such an incident?
"One
time someone took a peek at a female soldier – at least, that's what
she claimed… She said he peeked at her from under the blindfold and was
doing something under his blanket. The thing is that it was winter and
they had 'scabies blankets'… like army issue [rough, coarse blankets].
And they were always scratching underneath. I was at the other post and
wasn't looking in that direction. Then she called the officer and told
him. The detainee was sitting in the first row and he was like… well,
sort of a problematic guy. After all, they're not allowed to talk. It
seemed to me that over time, some of them became on edge… unstable.
Sometimes they would start to cry, or begin to lose it. He was also one
of those, who didn't look very stable.
"When the military police officer arrived, the shawish
[a derogatory term with many connotations in Arabic, but used to
describe an inmate put in charge of other inmates here] tried to explain
to him, 'Listen, it's tough. He's been here for 20 days. He doesn't
change clothes and barely ever showers.' Like, the guy tried to mediate
for him. But the female soldier said again that he had looked at her.
The officer told the shawish to bring the guy to the double gate and to
take him outside. In the meantime he [the officer] called another
soldier from his company, who was then in the rest area, who was always
talking about how he wanted to beat the detainees.